Vol. 6 No. 9 September, 2021 http://www.ijsac.net/taxonomy/term/78 en Reducing English Communication Apprehension in the English as a Foreign Language Classroom http://www.ijsac.net/node/541 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Reducing English Communication Apprehension in the English as a Foreign Language Classroom</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/2" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ijsac</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 09/08/2021 - 23:48</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Abstract</span></span></span></span></strong></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><em><span><span><span>This paper explores the adaptation of relaxation conditioning techniques to the learning English as a Foreign Language context.  After a brief general orientation to trigger response conditioning for deep relaxation and the use of psychological anchors in language learning, the paper will be structured around presenting and demonstrating techniques that can be readily adapted to the language classroom.  Specifically, the methods discussed and demonstrated include the following:  simple relaxation, guided imagery, relaxation for communication apprehension relief, deep relaxation trigger response conditioning (DRTRC), and interactive language processes.  In particular, the paper explores how creating deep relaxation trigger responses through conditioning and guided imagery can reduce English Communication Apprehension.  Students who participate in DRTRC sessions are more likely to have less apprehension about learning and using English than those who do not.</span></span></span></em></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p> </p> <p><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Keywords7</span></span></span></span></strong><strong><em><span><span><span><span>: </span></span></span></span></em></strong><span><span><span><span>Communication Apprehension, Trancework, English as a Foreign Language, Guided Imagery, DRTRC, Trigger Response Conditioning, Relaxation.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-file--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-file.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-file.html.twig * field--file.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-file field--type-file field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">File</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'file_link' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> <span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="http://www.ijsac.net/sites/default/files/2021-09/V.6%20N.8-2021-1_0.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=176381">V.6 N.8-2021-1_0.pdf</a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-version--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-version.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-version.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-version field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Version</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/78" hreflang="en">Vol. 6 No. 9 September, 2021</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author</div> <div class="field__item">Brian David Phillips</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 08 Sep 2021 17:48:37 +0000ijsac541 at http://www.ijsac.net Bullying Type in Gender Perspective in Senior High School Students, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia http://www.ijsac.net/node/540 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Bullying Type in Gender Perspective in Senior High School Students, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/2" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ijsac</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 09/08/2021 - 23:47</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Abstract</span></span></span></span></strong></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><em><span><span><span><span>This paper aims to identify the bullying type in South Sulawesi, Indonesia from gender perspective by using quantitative study. Quantitative data were obtained by using a set of questionnaires from 545 respondents in six districts in South Sulawesi. The result showed that bullying types such physical bullying, verbal bullying, social bullying and cyber bullying are significantly difference in terms of gender in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Separately, the whole bullying type such as physical, verbal, social and cyber are also significantly different between male and female. The male students are more involved in bullying compared with female students. This finding hopefully can provide useful information for those who involved in bullying prevention program, school administrative staff and teacher.</span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Keyword:</span></span></span></span></strong><span><span><span><span> Bullying, Bullying type, Gender.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-file--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-file.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-file.html.twig * field--file.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-file field--type-file field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">File</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'file_link' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> <span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="http://www.ijsac.net/sites/default/files/2021-09/V.6%20N.8-2021-2_0.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=157258">V.6 N.8-2021-2_0.pdf</a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-version--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-version.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-version.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-version field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Version</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/78" hreflang="en">Vol. 6 No. 9 September, 2021</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author</div> <div class="field__item">Syahruddin Mahmud</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 08 Sep 2021 17:47:55 +0000ijsac540 at http://www.ijsac.net Work Environment and its Influence on Productivity Levels among Extension Officers in the Ministry of Agriculture in Kenya http://www.ijsac.net/node/539 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Work Environment and its Influence on Productivity Levels among Extension Officers in the Ministry of Agriculture in Kenya</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/2" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ijsac</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 09/08/2021 - 23:47</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Abstract</span></span></span></span></strong></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><em><span><span><span><span>From a broad perspective, a work environment can be defined as the location in which a task is performed. However, from an employment perspective, the work environment entails the physical geographical location of the job as well as its immediate surroundings (typically the tools and equipment required for the performance of the different tasks required for the job, work processes and procedures, quality of the air, noise level and any additional perks). As known, the work environment in an organization plays a crucial role in determining the productivity levels of its workforce and the organization’s ability to sustain these productivity levels and retain its workforce and may determine, how well the employees get along with the organization, the employees’ error rate/s and level of innovation and collaboration with other employees, levels of absenteeism, and ultimately, the duration of time the employee choose to stay with the organization. The purpose of this study was to determine how productivity levels among extension officers in the Ministry of Agriculture, Kilifi District have been influenced by their work environment. This was a case study which sought to identify the effects of the work environment with an aim of opening doors for further research on the same and recommending strategies for addressing the problems to ensure that the country (Kenya) becomes (once again) self sufficient in food production.</span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><em><span><span><span><span>At the time of the study, there were a total of 45 extension officers in Bahari District, which had just been annexed from Kilifi District. Due to the small number of officers, a census was done and all officers involved in a focus group discussion for triangulation purposes. This is because it was only through a census that more comprehensive and accurate information could be gotten. The data collected was analyzed for any causal- effect relationships, correlations and variances, by use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and the results presented in pie charts and tables to give a picture of the research findings at a glance. The findings on how the work environment influences extension officers’ productivity in the Ministry of Agriculture showed that extension officers feel that their work environment is not conducive to provide for job enjoyment and consequently enable them become productive in their work. It is thus safe to conclude at this point that, an overwhelming majority of the extension officers in the Ministry of Agriculture are not satisfied with their work environment, citing lack of sufficient work infrastructure, a large work area and a poor supervision system as their main reasons for dissatisfaction with the general work environment.</span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Key Words:</span></span></span></span></strong><span><span><span><span> Extension officers, Agriculture, Work Environment, Employee Productivity</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-file--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-file.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-file.html.twig * field--file.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-file field--type-file field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">File</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'file_link' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> <span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="http://www.ijsac.net/sites/default/files/2021-09/V.6%20N.8-2021-3_0.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=183768">V.6 N.8-2021-3_0.pdf</a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-version--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-version.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-version.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-version field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Version</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/78" hreflang="en">Vol. 6 No. 9 September, 2021</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author</div> <div class="field__item">Peter Mutua Mutia, Damary Sikalieh, Ph.D</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 08 Sep 2021 17:47:02 +0000ijsac539 at http://www.ijsac.net Exploring sense of ethnic identity among a small Midwest sample of social work and counseling practitioners http://www.ijsac.net/node/538 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Exploring sense of ethnic identity among a small Midwest sample of social work and counseling practitioners</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/2" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ijsac</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 09/08/2021 - 23:46</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Abstract</span></span></span></span></strong></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><em><span><span><span><span>The U.S. is transforming into a multi-racial and multi-ethnic society in which factors such as ethnicity and race are important variables to consider in social work practice and service provision to racial and ethnic minority populations. This multi-ethnic and multi-racial transformation presents many challenges for professional social work and counseling practitioners. It is important for practitioners to have a clear and concise definition of key concepts such as ethnicity and race in order to develop a sense of self-ethnic identity. This research study examines self-ethnic identity among a small sample of Midwest social work and counseling practitioners.</span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Keywords:</span></span></span></span></strong><span><span><span><span> ethnicity, social work, practice, race.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-file--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-file.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-file.html.twig * field--file.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-file field--type-file field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">File</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'file_link' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> <span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="http://www.ijsac.net/sites/default/files/2021-09/V.6%20N.8-2021-4_0.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=164167">V.6 N.8-2021-4_0.pdf</a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-version--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-version.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-version.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-version field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Version</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/78" hreflang="en">Vol. 6 No. 9 September, 2021</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author</div> <div class="field__item">Erica L. Campbell, PhD </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 08 Sep 2021 17:46:21 +0000ijsac538 at http://www.ijsac.net A Study on Ecological College English Teaching http://www.ijsac.net/node/537 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">A Study on Ecological College English Teaching</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/2" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ijsac</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 09/08/2021 - 23:45</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Abstract</span></span></span></span></strong></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><em><span><span><span><span>Classroom ecology refers to the classroom activities which are guided by educational philosophy of ecology. It promotes eco-classroom teaching and the full development of nature so as to make the classroom become truly holistic and sustainable and healthy ecosystems. This article aims to analyze the present status of college English teaching and research, providing suggestions for improving the quality of college English teaching.</span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Key Words:</span></span></span></span></strong><span><span><span><span> ecological curriculum; college English; study</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-file--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-file.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-file.html.twig * field--file.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-file field--type-file field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">File</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'file_link' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> <span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="http://www.ijsac.net/sites/default/files/2021-09/V.6%20N.8-2021-5_0.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=146810">V.6 N.8-2021-5_0.pdf</a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-version--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-version.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-version.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-version field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Version</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/78" hreflang="en">Vol. 6 No. 9 September, 2021</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author</div> <div class="field__item">Jianying Li</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 08 Sep 2021 17:45:36 +0000ijsac537 at http://www.ijsac.net The Effect of Utilization of social media for competitive Advantage in Sri Lankan Hotel industry http://www.ijsac.net/node/536 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">The Effect of Utilization of social media for competitive Advantage in Sri Lankan Hotel industry</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/2" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ijsac</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 09/08/2021 - 23:44</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Abstract</span></span></span></span></strong></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><em><span><span><span><span>Competitive advantage occurs when an organization acquires an attribute or combination of attributes that allows it to outperform its competitors. These attributes can access through tangible, non-tangible assess and new technologies such as information technology as a competitive strategy in the business process can provide competitive advantage. Preble, Reichel, and Hoffman (2000) and Pine and Philips (2005) focused on the role of strategic alliances in the hospitality industry competitions. In this cross-sectional analytical study, aim was to test if there is an association between the variables of utilization of social media and competitive advantage in Sri Lankan hotel industry. Study subjects consisted of executive levels officers in thirty-four Sri Lankan hotel industries. Variables in utilization of social media and competitive advantage of the study were positively correlated (r = 0.6) and very high means. Also, Working capabilities of social media high significantly and positively correlated with competitive advantage (r = 0.70, p&lt;.05), while it was (r = 0.50, p&lt; .05) in personal experience of social media.</span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Keywords:</span></span></span></span></strong><span><span><span><span> Utilization of social media, competitive advantages, Sri Lankan hotel industry.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-file--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-file.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-file.html.twig * field--file.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-file field--type-file field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">File</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'file_link' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> <span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="http://www.ijsac.net/sites/default/files/2021-09/V.6%20N.8-2021-6_0.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=137772">V.6 N.8-2021-6_0.pdf</a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-version--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-version.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-version.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-version field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Version</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/78" hreflang="en">Vol. 6 No. 9 September, 2021</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author</div> <div class="field__item">S.W.G.K. Bulankulama, Ali Khatibi</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 08 Sep 2021 17:44:34 +0000ijsac536 at http://www.ijsac.net The Need for In-Service Training for Teachers and It’s Effectiveness In School http://www.ijsac.net/node/529 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">The Need for In-Service Training for Teachers and It’s Effectiveness In School</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/2" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ijsac</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--current-issue.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 09/08/2021 - 23:35</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span><span><span><strong><span><span><span><span>Abstract</span></span></span></span></strong></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><em><span><span><span><span>This essay discusses the need for in-service training for teachers and the effectiveness of in-service training in school. In-service training act as a catalyst for teacher’s effectiveness. It is also a way of updating teachers’ skills and knowledge for improving teaching and learning which lead to better job performance. In-service training is important for teachers to face new challenges and changes in the education world. In-service training is also a fundamental aspect to improve teacher professionalism. The effectiveness of in-service training is important so that teachers can apply the knowledge acquired in teaching and learning. Few factors that contribute towards the effectiveness of in-service training are role of administrator, attitudes of teachers, training needs and strategies in conducting in-service training.</span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-file--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-file.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-file.html.twig * field--file.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-file field--type-file field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">File</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'file_link' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> <span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="http://www.ijsac.net/sites/default/files/2021-09/V.6%20N.8-2021-7.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=165407">V.6 N.8-2021-7.pdf</a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/file-link.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-version--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-version.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-version.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-version field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Version</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/78" hreflang="en">Vol. 6 No. 9 September, 2021</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--current-issue.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig * field--node--current-issue.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author</div> <div class="field__item">Assoc. Prof. Dr. Che Mohd Zulkifli Che Omar</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 08 Sep 2021 17:35:23 +0000ijsac529 at http://www.ijsac.net