Vol. 4 No. 6 June, 2019

The changes in aquatic plant cover in the selected tanks effect from The Renovation of small Tanks in Dry Zone in Sri Lanka (Case Study In Galgamuwa Division in Kurunegala)

ijsac — Fri, 05 Jul 2019 10:48:27 +0000

The changes in aquatic plant cover in the selected tanks effect from The Renovation of small Tanks in Dry Zone in Sri Lanka (Case Study In Galgamuwa Division in Kurunegala) ijsac Fri, 07/05/2019 - 16:48

Abstract

Key words : Small tanks, Dry zone ,Renovation, Aquatic eco system, Aquatic plants in antiquity, multi-purpose institutes and organizations had involved in small tanks renovation in tanks renovation in- whereas at present, Department of Agrarian Development, Irrigation Department, Samurdi Authority, Gamanaguma Project and NGO-s engage in this pursuit. They applied removing soil from tank, renovating tank bund, removing plant cover on the tank, slues repairing, wana (spill) repairing and channel repairing as types of tank renovation.This research focused on identifying the changes of the aquatic plant species living in the tank environment after small tanks Renovation. Small tanks in Sri Lanka are those with an irrigated command area of 80 ha (1 ha = 2.47 acres) or less. The study was conducted with regard to 12 small tanks in Galgamuwa DS division in Kurunegala district where 77 no’s of renovated tanks during the last 15 years are located. Questioner survey, Selected PRA tools and Field Plot Transects were used for data collection and data were statistically analyzed in disclosing the following findings. Distribution of blue water Lilly, Kekatiya, Water hyacinth and Diyameneri are significantly decreased. The invasive alien invasive plants grown in the tank and the surroundings have been a major threat for the existence of the marshland environment and related hydro systems. Many problems have been created by the distribution of invasive aquatic plants especially in the small tanks. The population and distribution of Lilly, Blue water lilly, Plant of hawai, Buduraspasi, Salvenia and Water spinach after the tank renovation negative significantly changed. Lotus plant that was one of the mostly grown plant species before the renovation has become the sixth abundant plant with renovation. Salvieniya has also decreased to the sixth place. Kekatiya and Water hyacinth can be largely seen even after the renovation as they can grow faster. The removal of aquatic plants, specially the invasive plants from the renovated tanks has positively influenced the ecosystem of the tanks. Further, the removals of the plants beneficially influence some aquatic faunal species. Further, the removal of these plants has prevented addition of aquatic organic matter into the tanks and this has beneficially influenced maintaining the dissolved oxygen level in the tank system. Therefore, the reduction in aquatic plants has more beneficial impacts to the tank system.

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4.6.1.pdf

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Vol. 4 No. 6 June, 2019

Author

K.P.L Nishantha

Adapting Biology Secondary Schools Curriculum to Motivate Students with Visual Impairment in an Inclusive Classroom to Catalyse their Interest in Biology and Science Career: The Case of Cameroon

ijsac — Fri, 05 Jul 2019 10:47:10 +0000

Adapting Biology Secondary Schools Curriculum to Motivate Students with Visual Impairment in an Inclusive Classroom to Catalyse their Interest in Biology and Science Career: The Case of Cameroon ijsac Fri, 07/05/2019 - 16:47

ABSTRACT

Today’s Biology teachers of inclusive classrooms are facing difficulties in teaching learners with diverse educational needs. To meet the learners’ needs, teachers of biology are required to adapt the curriculum and implement different teaching strategies. An inclusive classroom is therefore one that gives preference to equal teaching and learning to all students to maximise success and interest to all students irrespective of their disabilities without any bias or negative perception. When a biology classroom is made up of students from various intellectual, family, socio-economic and cultural backgrounds, in a nutshell with varied disabilities, effective teaching and learning becomes challenging in an inclusive classroom. One of the solutions to this kind of educational problem is the adaptation of the biology curriculum to meet the various challenges of the learners with special needs in an inclusive classroom. When this is done, emphasises is place on leaning but not teaching (eclectic) to meet up the challenges of every learner. Adapting biology curriculum will therefore serve as a spring board for students with visual impairment to be motivated and develop interest in choosing a career in biology. This is because biology forms the foundation of many science professions in the world today. The study of science and biology in particular to students with visual impairments in secondary schools is also a call for concern in Africa and Cameroon in particular because every learner needs to know the function and the care of the human body in order to handle issues that concern development. The methods used were a traditional structured literature review with regards to the main variable of the study using Google scholar, reviewed of text books on the major themes, publications by foundations and institutions, technical and workshop reports, and conference proceedings were also consulted .The major findings of this study reveal that adapting the biology school biology in Cameroon motivates students with visual impairment to develop interest in the study of biology and science in general. The major recommendations are that all biology and science subjects’ teachers in secondary schools should adapt their curricula to meet the needs of all the learners in an inclusive classroom secondly the government should provide all secondary schools with resource centres to promote inclusion in secondary schools.

KEYWORDS: Adapting biology curriculum, students with visual impairment, special needs, biology and science career and inclusive education.

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4.6.2.pdf

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Vol. 4 No. 6 June, 2019

Author

Dr. Nsagha Sarah Mboshi, Jitzi Samuel Ngala.

The Concept of Non-Formal Education in Independent Kenya: Theory and Practice

ijsac — Fri, 05 Jul 2019 10:45:43 +0000

The Concept of Non-Formal Education in Independent Kenya: Theory and Practice ijsac Fri, 07/05/2019 - 16:45

Abstract

The purpose of this Paper was to provide a historical perspective of the theory and practice of non-formal education in post-colonial Kenya. It focuses on programmes for out-of-primary school age-group in both rural and urban Kenya. It posits that the meaning of the concept of non-formal education was tied to its history. This was illustrated through an analysis of various non-formal education programmes in post-colonial Kenya. The study also observed that, often, owing to diversity of providers, learners and objectives, the theory and practice of non-formal education varied in time and space. Primary and secondary data was drawn from field research, Kenya National Archives and other public libraries. Oral interviews and documents analysis were the main techniques used in data collection. Narrative and analytical styles of writing were employed. The study was restricted to the main programmes and features of non-formal education for out-of-primary school youth in post-colonial Kenya.

Key words: concept and practice of non-formal education, out-of-primary school youth, rehabilitation programmes.

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4.6.3.pdf

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Vol. 4 No. 6 June, 2019

Author

Mary Wanjiru Wanyoike, Professor Godfrey Muriuki, Dr. Mary C. Mwiandi.

PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF PANICUM MAXIMUM (JACQ) IN IMO STATE UNIVERSITY

ijsac — Fri, 05 Jul 2019 10:44:39 +0000

PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF PANICUM MAXIMUM (JACQ) IN IMO STATE UNIVERSITY ijsac Fri, 07/05/2019 - 16:44

ABSTRACT:

Phytosociological studies enable the plant scientist to have more insight into the nature of such plant. The phytosociological study of weed flora from three sites in Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State was undertaken. The research was done between the month of July and September, 2016. The weeds grow abundantly in the areas under tropical climate and supported by a sandy-loam soil. The data indicated that Panicum maximum, Tridax procumbens and Eragrotis ciliaris are the most dominant species identified in the area. Phytosociological investigation showed a Panicum – Tridax – Eragrotis Plant community. Panicum was positively associated with Tridax procumbens, Eragrotis ciliaris and Maricus alternifolus. The interrelationship of Panicum maximum (Jacq) was thus determined. This study therefore is a contribution to the general ecology of the plant.

Key words: Physiological study: Weed flora: Abandoned farmland: Panicum-Tridax-Eragrotis Plant community.

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4.6.4.pdf

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Vol. 4 No. 6 June, 2019

Author

Ogbonnaya

The Behavior of the Female Preclinical Medical Students

ijsac — Fri, 05 Jul 2019 10:43:30 +0000

The Behavior of the Female Preclinical Medical Students ijsac Fri, 07/05/2019 - 16:43

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to explore the behavior of the female preclinincal medical students at Umm AL-Qura University regarding the way they learn physiology and suggest how this exploration can be utilized to improve the students’ learning activity. One hundred ninety three female preclinical medical students participated in this study; 132 students from second year and 61 students from third year. A questionnaire of 15 questions about how do students learn physiology was distributed. The vast majority of students recognized the importance of physiology lectures (98.4%). Acquiring knowledge is the main objective of learning physiology among 79.8% of students participated in this study. Regarding the language of lecture conduction, 69.9% of participants requested a bilingual approach (mixing English with Arabic). More than four-fifth of students (81.3) do not have the practice of fresh “immediate” study of physiology. More than three quarters of students (76.2%) depend entirely on lecture notes as a main source to learn physiology. The percentage of candidates who believe that lectures should be sufficient for them to pass the examination is 87.6%. Interestingly enough an equal percentage demands the lecturer to give them handouts. In conclusion, our female preclinical medical students are much motivated. They are highly potential to adopt a self-learning process. Their entire dependence on lecture notes as a main source of learning physiology should be eradicated. The curriculum content should be designed in a clinically oriented form. Assessment and evaluation should be revised and focus on both formative and summative aspects.

Keywords: Physiology, learning physiology

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4.6.5.pdf

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Vol. 4 No. 6 June, 2019

Author

Kamziah M. Baeldin

Recognition of New Nonword Brand Names: Exposure to a Pleasant Scent

ijsac — Fri, 05 Jul 2019 10:41:58 +0000

Recognition of New Nonword Brand Names: Exposure to a Pleasant Scent ijsac Fri, 07/05/2019 - 16:41

ABSTRACT

The practice of scenting retail environments to increase sales has become common but do pleasant scents actually affect consumer behavior? Nonwords in English were rated as possible brand names during the learning phase of a recognition memory experiment. The test phase was a speeded old-new task. Exposure to a complex, pleasant scent during the test phase facilitated accuracy compared to non-exposure.

KEYWORDS: Brand Name, Scent, Memory, Recognition, Nonword

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4.6.6.pdf

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Vol. 4 No. 6 June, 2019

Author

Simon N. Bururia

Community’s Intention Towards Environmentally- Friendly Activities: The Effect Of Green Advertisements

ijsac — Fri, 05 Jul 2019 10:40:21 +0000

Community’s Intention Towards Environmentally- Friendly Activities: The Effect Of Green Advertisements ijsac Fri, 07/05/2019 - 16:40

ABSTRACT

The green context appears to be accentuated in the developed and developing countries in recent years. Malaysia is one of the developing countries that aggressively initiating the environmental conservation plans for sustainable future. The present study attempts to investigate the factors influencing the community’s intention to perform environmentally-friendly activities and the effect of community’s attitude towards the green advertisements. Building on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), with an inclusion of additional variables, namely, green advertisements, environmental knowledge and environmental concern, an extended TPB model was proposed and examined. Convenience sampling was used with 303 responses collected via survey method. The findings reported that the community in Malaysia exhibited positive attitude towards the green advertisements. The community’s attitudes, perceived behavioural control and environmental concern had showed significantly positive effect on the community’s intention to perform environmentally-friendly activities and the green advertisements appear to have the most significant influence towards the community’s intention to perform environmentally-friendly activities. Nonetheless, there is no significant effect of subjective norms and environmental knowledge on the community’s intention to perform environmentally-friendly activities. Lastly, there are several implications have been discussed to address useful insights for the Malaysian government and pro-environmental firms to develop strategic green marketing plans to engage with the community to be socially responsible in protecting the environment.

Keywords: Green advertisement, environmentally-friendly activities, intention, theory of planned behaviour, developing countries.

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4.6.7.pdf

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Vol. 4 No. 6 June, 2019

Author

Ban Hui, Dalilawati Zainal*